Method and apparatus for winding balls



May 2, 1939. HON; 2,156,896

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR WINDING BALLS Filed May 12, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheetl INVENTOR.

A TTORNEYS.

May 2, 1939. HOMG 2,156,896

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR WINDING BALLS Filed May 12, 193.6 3Sheets-Sheet 2 Q15; A TTORNEYS.

May 2, 1939. v HQNIG 2,156,896

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR WINDING BALLS Filed May 12. 1956 :5 Shets-Sheets INVENTOR Raw/(Howe ATTORN EY Patented May 2, 1939 UNITED STATES METHODAND APPARATUS FOR WINDING BALLS Frank Honig, Pawtncket, B. 1.

Application May 12, 1936, Serial No. 79,252

13 Claims.

This invention relates to the art of winding filaments, particularly toholding cores of spherical or similar shape while winding somefilamentary or tape-like material thereon to produce articles such asbase balls, golf balls and the like, and the object of the invention isthe provision of improvements in this art.

, The present application constitutes a continuation in part of myapplication Serial Number 47,732, filed November 1, 1935, now Patent No.2,138,452, which discloses a method of producing wound spherical objectsand the resultant product. The present specification is directed to theholding of the product during winding according to the methodthereindescribed.

Some of the more specific objects of the invention are: to provide avery simple method of and apparatus for holding the core while it isdriven to produce convolutions thereon; to provide means for changingthe lay of, i. e., the pattern formed by, the convolutions on the core;to provide means for maintaining uniform pattern if so desired; toprovide means for winding on soft cores with rapid coverage; to providemeans for r winding on hard cores with slow coverage; to

provide means to vary the coverage from slow to rapid during the windingof a core; and, to provide other advantages and new features which willbe evident as the description of the invention proceeds.

According to the present invention the spherical core is held in apocket or cup-like cavity formed by several rotatably mounted idlers, ofsome suitable shape, which are free to rotate, as they are driven by thecore itself, in one or more directions, or at diflerent rates of speed,from time to time, of each rotatablemember, and with relation of onemember to the others. That is, each rotatable member is independent ofall the others; each member may rotate faster or slower, or to the rightor to the left of some of the other members; or it may swing back andforth about a pivot, or slide endwise in either direction. Some of therotatable members may have two or more directional motions besides thefree rotation. Each motion is, however, free motion.

Considering all the rotatable members forming the cup-like pocket as aunit system, then each and every member has a constantly changingdirection and speed of rotation with relation to any of the othermembers. These changes may proceed from portion to portion of a singleconvolution as it is wound on the core, and also from convolution toconvolution in winding a single ball. However, the range or amplituderemains constant in both the positive and negative direction in any onedevice at any one setting and may be modified to increase or decreasethe amplitude by adjustment either during the operation of the device orat any other time, as will be described.

It may bev stated here, that the maximum change of speed of therotatable members in a single convolution on the core may be from themaximum positive amplitude to the maximum negative amplitude and isgradual. considered that the average golf ball, for example, has over2100 convolutions wound on a core, then it will be evident that therelative speed and directional changes in the rotative members,practically speaking, is infinite. The driving of the core, in suchmanner as to form a suitable pattern on the core is disclosed in theabove-identified application.

This invention, however, embraces mechanism which can receive andmaintain a fixed pattern from an independent driving mechanism throughthe core being wound, and through such core only. Also, it can receive afixed pattern and gradually but continuously change that pattern duringthe winding of a single core and maintain such system of change fromcore to core. By such variation in the pattern system at various stagesof the winding of a core there can be produced harder or softer layersof winding on any one particular core; also. by starting with closelyspaced or dense layers of convolutions at the beginning and graduallyopening up the layers of convolutions from one another, a very hard ballcan be produced and at the same time the top layer or layers will besuitably separated to form a pattern advantageous to produce the desiredamalgamation of any cover as may be placed over the wound core. Previousto my present invention this variation in the pattern of winding on acore was produced:

1. By winding the core partially on one type winding machine with closepattern characteristics and then winding the top layers on a separatemachine of some different type with open pattern characteristics. Thustwo operations were required to produce the wound core.

2. By providing, in a machine primarily intended for winding on apattern of close characteristics, some highly complicated mechanismwhich entirely changes the winding characteristics to produce the openpattern at the outer surface of the wound core. Such a combinationmachine has many of the disadvantages of separate machines and in manyrespects may be less convenient to use than separate machines.

In contradistinction, my present invention provides simple mechanismwhich will, if so desired, gradually and progressively change thepattern of winding from close spacing to open spacing or vice versa.This, as will be seen from the following description, is accomplished bymaking use of the inherent increase in the diameter of the core beingwound to change its own axis of When it is rotation in that plane whichcontrols the pattern or spacing of the convolutions on the core.

This change or shift in the axis of rotation in the pattern controlplane is accomplished by the 7 suitable arrangement or relative locationof the ing, to provide any suitable driving mechanism such as wouldproduce the highly complex and constantly changing relative speed anddirectional combination as demanded by the core being wound to producethereon the constantly changing pattern of winding as the axis ofrotation is changed.

It may be explained that this invention forms an adjunct to ball windingmachines of the general type shown in my copending application, SerialNumber 79,251 filed May 12. 1936 and to the several species of thisgeneral type. This invention is operative only in such ball windingmachines where a single driving member contacting the core approximatelyat a single point is employed to drive the core, provided however, thatsuch single driving member has two or more directional motionsincorporated therein.

For convenience of description we may refer to the sphere being wound asif it were the earth. At a given moment the circle of rolling will becalled the polar circle; the circle at right angles to the polar circleand passing through the drive point of the sphere at the same givenmoment will be called the equatorial circle; and the poles will belocated where the axis perpendicular to the equatorial plane intersectsthe polar circle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a sphere with one convolution ofwinding formed with the axis of rotation in the geometric center of thesphere;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic development of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic plan view of a sphere with one convolution ofwinding formed with an axis of rotation away from the geometric centerof the sphere;

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic development of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a winding device comprisingdisc-shaped core-holding Idlers with the axis of rotation of the sphereat the geometric center oi the sphere;

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic end development taken on the line 6-6 of Fig.5;

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a winding device employingroller Idlers and with an axis of rotation of the sphere away from thegeometric center of the sphere;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of Fig. 7 with the upper idler roller removed;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation, partly in section, of one form of apparatusembodying the invention;

Fig. 10 is a section, partly in elevation, taken on the line ilk-ll ofFig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a fragmental end view taken on the line li-II ofFig. 9;

Fig. 12 is a view taken on the line l2l2 of Fig. 9, the view beingdiagrammatic in nature.

Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic illustrationoLthe winding and the equatorialdistributing motions of the device shown in Fig. 9 and is in the natureof side elevation Fig. 14 is a ditic plan view of Fig. 13;

Fig. 15 is an end view of the sphere taken as indicated on line I 6|5 ofFig. 13;

Fig. 16 is a duplicate of Fig. 13 with a third circular motion imposedover the two shown in Fig. 13;

Fig. 17 is an end view of the sphere taken as indicated on line i7-l1 ofFig. 16;

Fig. 18 is a plan view of Fig. 17 showing the reciprocating movementcaused by the third'circular motion; and

Fig. 19 is a side elevation of the sphere showing the reversal of thepolarity of the pole axis, and the equatorial distributing circle ofFig. 14 on a somewhat enlarged scale.

Referring first to Fig. 1, member A represents -a single driving memberto which a resultant driving motion or pattern is imparted, which motionis the result of three separate circular motions interposed over oneanother, namely, a circular motion represented by a circle passingthrough the poles of a sphere, a second circular motion represented by acircle coinciding with the equator of the sphere, and a third circularmotion represented by a comparatively small circle having its center atone of the points where the polar circle crosses the equatorial circle.

This member A may be the hand of an operator, a disc, a. sphere, or anysuitable member, and it may be moved in any desired manner suit able toform a sphere. It forms no part of this invention and is shown only as amatter of convenience to illustrate the present invention. Several formsof member A and several ways of driving such member A are shown andfully described in my co-pending appplications Serial No. 47,732 andSerial No. 79,251 above identified.

The resultant single directional motion so produced in member A is fixedand remains uniform at any one diameter of said member and may beconsidered as the base or foundation pattern.

One of the objects of the present invention is to receive such basebattern from a member A and change or modify it to any desired degree.This change is continuous, and either automatic or manually adjustableas desired, or both automatic and manual, in the winding of a core fromthe starting to the finishing size.

This change of pattern on the core being wound from that which itreceived from its driving member A is accomplished by a change of theaxis of rotation of the equatorial circle of the core. That is, ifthedriving member A, Fig. 1, drives the core B in such manner that theequator is rotated a given anguluar turn C for each revolution of thepolar circle then the mean pitch of a given convolution G will be theangle indicated at D provided the rotative center of the equatorialcircle of core B. which may also be referred to as equatorial circle B,is located at the geometric center of said circle as shown in Fig. 1. Insuch case the angular pattern of winding on the core remainssubstantially uniform at all diameters of the core. The developed linearspacing will, however, change so as to maintain such uniform angularpattern.

The change in the axis of rotation is in eflect a division oi. onerotative axis of the sphere in one plane. Considering Fig. 3 a sort ofplan view of Fig. 9 then the sphere will turn about the focal pointwhere the line E crosses the normal center line of the sphere. At thesame time it will turnconcentrically with its normal or geometric centerin the side elevation shown as Fi 9.

In Fig. 3 the rotative center of the equatorial circle is shown awayfrom the geometric center of said circle and is located on line E. Whenthis is the case, then the geometric center of circle B moves, orreciprocates, as indicated at F, F and the mean pitch of a givenconvolution G will then be the angle as indicated at DI.

As will be seen, the base pattern as indicated by the angular turn C inboth Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is the same, while the mean pitch of theconvolution as indicated at D in Fig- 1 and at DI in Fig. 3 will vary.DI is less than D.

Thus, it will be clear from the diagrammatic illustration that if therotative center of the equatorial circle is changed with relation to itsgeometric center, then the pattern of winding on the corewill alsochange, notwithstanding the fact that the fundnamental or driving pattern will always remain the same in member A as indicated.

And, since some of the axes of rotationare moved with relation to thegeometric center of the sphere, and since some of the axes do not passthrough the geometric center of the sphere in every plane, thisinvention is capable of oper-' ation only when all the motive force tomove the ball, in any direction whatsoever, is transmitted to the ballbeing wound by one and only by one member driving the ball approximatelythrough asingle point.

The bearing points or contact points at which the core is supported havean important relation to the-location, change, or maintenance of therotative center of the equatorial circle.

The approximate locations of these points are indicated in Fig. 2 andFig. 4. Thus, in Fig. 2 the lines CI, CI represent the primary amplitudeof angular shift in the equatorial circle, to the right or to the leftas the case may be. Lines C2, C2 represent the secondary amplitude ofangular shift caused by the interposition of the third circular motionin member A to cause the axis of the core to describe a cone. Theselines C2, C2, also represent the maximum amplitude of shift of the core.

The contact or supporting points for the core should fall on lines CI orC2 or between these lines. These points, when located on line CI, areshown with small circles designated as I, 2, 3 and 4 and represent thepoints of contact of the holding members shown in Figs. 5 and 6. PointsI and 2 designate the lower pair and points 3 and 4 designate the upperpair or the pair furthest away on the development from the driving pointin the direction of drive.

In Fig. 5 the lower pair of contact points are located on discs 6. andthe upper pairon discs I. The contact points I, 2, 3, and 4 of Fig. 2are I located on the lines I, 2, 3 and 4 of Fig. 6.

In Fig. 7 the rotative center of the equatorial circle is located on thecircumference of the equatorial circle for the maximum distance awayfrom the geometric center of said circle as when the core is small andrides only on the members 31, or on line E as the minimum distance fromthe geometric center when the core is full size, as shown. It shouldbenoted here that at the particular size of ball shown, the line E is atright angles to the plane of the equatorial circle.

In Fig. 9 the rotative center of the equatorial circle is located online E at the particular size of core shown. Line E is shown, in thisfigure, at an angle other than a right angle to the equatorial plane, toindicate that the plane of the equatorial circle is changed as well asthe rotative center, as the core increases in size during the winding.

Line E represents, also, a plane passing through all of the contactpoints at which the sphere is in contact with the several rollers whenat rest, and, is also the focal plane of the axis of rotation which ischanged during the winding operation.

Referring to Fig. 9 the contact between the sphere and rollers'I4-I4 androller 25 are at approximately where the line E intersects the circle S.As will be seen here, the contact be-- tween the roller 25 and thesphere S is further away from the horizontal center, while the contactsbetween the sphere S and rollers I4--I4 are closer to thehorizontalcenter of the sphere. It will also be noted that the diameter of roller25, at the point of contact with the sphere, is larger than the diameterof rollers I4I4 at the point of contact of these rollers with thesphere.

Due to these relative sizes or variations and locations of the holdingrollers, as the size of the ball increases due to the winding operation,the roller 25 is operative o r eifective to .push the ball downward andthus bring the horizontal center of the sphere closer to the contactpoints on rollers I4-I4 and further away from the contact point on theroller 25. With this downward movement of the ball, the lower part ofthe ball or sphere will move to the left as it rolls over the operativeface of rollers I4--I4 and the upper part of the sphere will move to theright so as to maintain contact with roller 25.

This motion is caused by the increase in the size of the ball and is asort of rotary or swinging motion in clockwise direction and opposite tothe general direction of winding as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 9.When this motion takes place, as the diameter of the ball increasesduring the winding operation, it has the effect of changing the line oraxis E to become more nearly. vertical from that which is shown in Fig.9.

1 As the sphere is pushed downward by the roller 25 and forward by therollers I4--I4 as above explained, the axis E remains substantially inthe position shown in Fig. 9, except that it becomes more nearlyvertical as just explained. This in efiect produces a relative movementbetween the true center of the sphere and the center of rotative shiftas represented by the axis line or plane E. That is, the rotative axisabout which the reciprocating motion, as indicated at F--F in Fig. 3,takes place is gradually and continually moved away from the true centerof the sphere as its diameter is increased due to winding.

When the rotative center of the equatorial circle is changed during theperiod of winding, or, when both the rotative center and the plane ofrotation are changed, then one or more of the supporting contact pointsshould be permitted to have, two or more directional motions, that is, arotative motion to correspond with the general direction of winding,which is the polar circle, and one or more other directional motions tocorrespond with the shift of the geometric center of the equatorialcircle about the rotative center of said circle. This may take the formof a sliding motion as shown in and as will be explained with referenceto Figs. 7 and 8; or, it may be a pivotal rocking motion as shown inFigs. 9 and 10; or it maybe any other suitable compound motion.

As indicated in the various diagrammatic illustions.

trations, the invention may be embodied in many diiierent forms, all ofwhich essentially comprise a series of idler rolling members suitablymounted to permit their free rotation, in one or more directions, asthey are driven by the core being wound, while maintaining orcontinually changing the axis or the plane of rotation of the patterncontrol motion or both.

The mechanical embodiment of the invention which appears best toillustrate the various motions involved and produces the greatest rangeof variation in the pattern of winding as the core increases in size,comprises a series of rollers mounted for free rotation in one or moredirec- This furnishes a clear illustration of the change in the rotativecenter as well as the change in the plane of rotation of the equatorialcircle of the core being wound. One such device is shown in Figs. 9, 10,l1 and 12.

Referring to Fig. 9 the invention is shown comprising an L-shapedbracket 8 having two sides 8a and 8b. Side 8a is provided with astationary stud 9 having an eccentric enlargement ID at one end by whichit is held in bracket 8 by means of set screw ll. Side 8b of bracket 8is provided with a hole in which a yoke i2 is pivoted. Side 81) is alsoprovided with a screw hole l8 through which the device may be fastenedto any suitable support on a winding machine.

The small end of stud 9 is provided with two taper rollers l4ll withtheir small ends facing each other and journalled on stud 9 by means ofball bearings l5, two for each roller l4. These bearings are held inposition by means of screw 16, washer l1 and separators 18 as will beclear from the illustration. The rollers l4 may be made of any suitablematerial and if desired may be provided as shown with some cushionmaterial on their operative faces as indicated at l9. This cushionmaterial may be canvas, felt, rubber, leather, or the like. The objectis to prevent chafing or other damage to the hard core being wound. Whena soft core such as a base ball core is wound of such filamentarymaterial as wool or the like, then the rollers may be made entirely ofmetal or fiber without a soft cushion on their operative faces.

The rollers I, H are independent of each other and are free to rotate atany speed and in any direction relative to each other about the stud 9.

The yoke l2 comprises a cylindrical portion 20 journalled in side 81) ofbracket 8 and is held therein by the collar 2| and pin 22 (see also Fig.11). The lower end of side 8b is provided with a slot 23, the sides ofwhich act as a limit stop for the projecting end of pin 22, and thusprevent the yoke i 2 from having excessive reciprocation, as will beobvious.

The upper end of yoke i2 is provided with a furcation 26 in which afragmental spherical roller 25 is mounted for free rotation on a shaft26 by means of ball bearings 21, 21 which are held in spaced relation bythe spacer 28. Roller 25 is also provided if desired, with a cushionface l9 as were the taper rollers l 4, I4 described above. As will beclear from the illustration, the roller 25 has a compound directionalmotion, that is, it is free to rotate on its axis 26 and is also free toswing about the axis 20 of the yoke H.

The cup-like pocket formed between these rolls is adapted to receive thecore to be wound and to hold it during the winding operation. By reasonof the eccentric end In of stud 9 this pocket may be made larger orsmaller by turning the stud 9 by means of the screw driver slot 29 andclamping by the set screw I I at any desired position. It will be clear,however, that if desired, mechanical means to enlarge or reduce thepocket-like opening during the winding operation may be substituted inplace of the manual setting which is shown.

One of the objects of this adjustment is to provide a wide dimensionalrange for the device. For example, the device as shown in Figs. 9, 10,11 and 12 has a dimensional range of from about 1 inch for the startingsize core to about2 inches for the finished size core. When the stud 8is turned about the eccentric enlargement to through approximately 180degrees from that which is shown, then the range of the device isreduced to take a starting core of about inch diameter and the finishedcore about 1% inches diameter. This is an important economic advantageof the invention because the device can be used, for example, to windgolf balls during one period and base balls during another period, and

- thus, one device will serve two purposes.

The axis of shift of the equatorial circle is located on line E, Fig. 9.As will be seen from the illustration, this line is at an angle otherthan a right angle to the conventional geometric plane of the equator,as well as being located away from its geometric center. It will beevident that s the diameter of the core being Wound is .BfiSEd duringthe winding operation, the axis in the plane as well as the plane ufshift about the equatorial circle will continually change and thus thepattern of winding will also change. The change of pattern is dueentirely to such change in the equatorial shift of the axis or in theplane change of the equatorial circle of the core being wound or both.It is entirely independent of any change, or lack of change, in the basepattern incorporated in the single driving member A, which itself isprovided with means of changing its own base pattern.

When the rotative center of shift of the equatorial motion is located inthe semi-sphere furthest away from the single driving member, then theactual shift along the equatorial circle will be less than thatincorporated in member A, and, when the rotative center is located inthe semi-sphere nearest to the single driving member A then the actualshift along the equatorial circle will be more than that incorporated insaid member. Of course, the axis of shift may be located entirelyoutside of the equatorial circle, either to increase or to reduce thedimensional or angular shift incorporated in member A.

In Fig. 12 the lines C2 and C2 represent the contact lines at a givensize of the core and these coincide with the lines C2 and C2 as shown inFig. 4. The line passing through the centers of contact between the corebeing wound and the rollers 14, I4 is indicated as 30 in Fig. 4. Thesmall circles 3| and 32 through which the line 30 is drawn represent thecontact points when located on the major amplitude line Cl.

has a compound pivotal motion the contact. point will swing to the rightor to the left as indicated at 34 and 35, as the case may be. When thestud 8 is rotated about the eccentric I0, Figs. 9 76 and 10, then thedistance between the contact lines 30 and 36 is reduced or increased, asthe case may be. Also the line E, Fig. 9, is moved closer to or furtherfrom the geometric center of the equatorial circle of the core and theplane angle of line E is changed, as will be evident from theillustrations.

In the figures, the core or sphere being wound is indicated at S and thefilament which is wound on the core is indicated as T. The variousdirections of motions and rotations are indicated with arrows, as willbe obvious from the illustrations.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. and 6,-

mounted permanently for free rotation only.

Such is shown in my co-pending and aboveidentified applications.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 7 and S the device shown comprisestaper rollers 31, 31 which rotate freely on stud 38 and correspond inaction to rollers l4, ll of Fig. 10. The free rotating rollers 39, 39are free to rotate on their axes and are also free to slide on theirrespective studs I0, 40 and this action is similar to the action ofroller 25 and yoke l2 in Fig. 9. In Fig. 8 only one of the slidingrollers 33 and its stud 49 are shown.

The adjustment shown in Figs. 9 and 10 with respect to stud 9 andeccentric Iii may, if desired, be incorporated in one or both of studs49 in Figs. 7 and 8, and may be manual or mechanical, as may be desired,in winding cores within small or large dimensional range from thestarting to the finishing size.

As will be noted with reference to Figs. 5 and 6 the rotative center ofthe equatorial motion of the sphere, indicated by line E, is,practically, at the geometric center of the equatorial circle.

With reference to Fig. '7, the rotative center of the equatorial circleis variously between the line E and the circumference of the polarcircle. In this embodiment the plane of the equatorial motion is alsochanged, depending on whether the sphere, before reaching its finishedsize, rolls between rollers 31, 31 and the lower roll 39 or the upperroll 39, as may occur when no adjustment is provided to keep the rollers39, 39 in contact with the core at all sizes during the windingoperation.

As shown in Fig. 12, the rotative center of the equator is variouslylocated between the geometric center and a final position indicated byline E, its exact location, as is the location of line E, depending onthe size of the core at the particular time during the windingoperation. The plane E as shown by line E (Fig. 9) will also change withthe size of the core during the winding operation, as will be obviousfrom the above description.

In operation, the core is placed in the pocketlike space formed by therotative members, which are driven by the core in a constantly changingdirection and constantly changing speed relation with respect to each ofthese members, but at a uniform linear speed with respect to theperipheral speed of the core, in the resultant direction as imparted tothe core by driving it through a single point.

It may be further explained, with reference to Figs. 9 and 12, that thesphere is in operative contact with only one of the rollers l4 and isin" reality balanced between the driving member and Fig. 12) thisseparation is so small that it is not visible to the eye. It may be seenindirectly through a stroboscope tuned to the frequency of rotation ofthese rollers, which will show alternate variations in the speeds ofrotation of rollers Ill-l4 and 25 as the sphere comes in contact withthem.

While the diagrammatic illustrations shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 aregeneric in nature and are applicable to the several embodiments shown inFigs 5, 6, '7, 8, 9, 10, l1 and 12, the diagrammatic illustrations shownin Figs. 13 to 19, both inclusive, are specific and are applicable onlyto the type of device shown in Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12.

As previously explained, the axis of the equatorial shifting motion islocated on line E. With reference to Figs. 13 and 14 the equatorialshifting motion is designated as 50 and is shown as a circle with thecircumference at the driving contact point indicated at 5! and havingthe axis 52. The axis 52 intersects the geometric axis 53 at the samepoint where the axis E intersects the axis 53, which is the focal point54. Line E is referred to both as the axis and as the focal planebecause it represents a section through a plane which passes through thethree contact points of the idlers ll-Il and 25 and can be shown only asa line. In constructing an embodiment of the invention the line E mustbe square to the axis 52 so as to permit free rotative motion of thesphere. S about the axis 52 in the circular motion 50. Then, the freerotative motion of taperrollers 14- and the free swinging motion ofroller 25 about its axis 29 (see also Fig. 9) permit this to take place.

The free rotation of the roller 25 about .its axis 26 and the freerotation of rollers lL-H about their axes 9 will permit the sphere S torotate in the general winding direction, or polar circle, (designated as55 in Figs. 13 and 14). The axis of motion 55 is indicated at 56 (Fig.14) and passes through the geometric center 51 of the sphere S. Thenormal axis of the equatorial circle 58 is designated as 59, but theactual axis of rotation is the line E. Thus, in this invention, theefiective axis of the equatorial circle 58 is located away from thegeometric center 51 of the sphere S and also at an oblique angle to thenormal equatorial circle 58 in the plane indicated in Fig. 13, butparallel with the axis 56 of the polar circle 55 as indicated in Fig.14, and square to the axis 52 and 53 in the plane indicated in Fig. 14,while square to the axis 52 and at an oblique angle to the axis 53 inthe plane indicated in Fig. 13. As will be seen from Fig. 13, as theball iswound and becomes large and larger, the axis E will remainsubstantially in its position indicated, except change the angle ofobliquity as previously explained, while the geometric center 51 willmove to the left, assuming for the moment that the driving member Amoves to the left as the ball increases in size, and thus increase thedistance between the focal point 54 and the geometric center 51. Theequatorial shift caused by the circular motion 50 is made along thecircumference of a circle 50 (Fig. 14) which has a radius equal to the.distance between the focal point 54 and the contact point 51, as will beevident from the illustration. The increase in the size of the ballduring the winding operation will move the contact point 5| away fromthefocal point 54 in the same manner the geometric center 57 is moved,but to a greater extent, and thus the circle 60 will become larger, andwill require a larger number of turns to be made by the circular motion50 to make one complete turn in the circle 60.

The increase in the size of the circle 60 will be greater than theincrease in the size of the sphere 8, due to the winding operation,because both the geometric center 51 is shifted away from the focalpoint 54 as well as the contact point II is shifted away from thegeometric center 51 due to the increase in the size of the ball S. Thegreater or lesser division of the motion 50 in the circle 50 as shown inFigs. 13 and 14 is also shown in Figs, 1 and 3 in which the angular turnC represents the radius of the motion 50 as previously explained.

with motions along circles 50 and 55 operating on the ball 8, the ballwill run true on its geometric center 51 in both planes as indicated inFigs 13 and 14, but the spacing about the equatorial circle 58 will varyin accordance with the location of the focal point 54, which in turn isthe controlling element in the diameter of circle 50. This may be seenclearly with reference to Figs. 14 and 19. That is, considering thepolar axis 55 and designating the intersecting points of this line withthe circumference on the ball as points 6| and 52 (as by say painting ared and a white spot on the ball) and following these spots until thecircle 80 has made one complete turn (in effect) by making the requirednumber of turns of motion 50 and 55, then, it will be seen that thecircumference of the circle 60 will be, so to speak, gathered up into aunique curve, and the polarity of the axis 56 reversed. That is, point6| will take the place of point 62 and point 62 will take the place ofpoint 5!. This shift has been referred to previously as the shift in theaxis of rotation in the pattern control plane which is the plane inwhich Figs. 1, 2 and 14 are taken and is indicated as line 53 in Figs.13 and 17. In Fig. 19 the curve described by the point 6! is showncompleted for both the near side and the further side of the ball Suntil it reaches the position formerly occupied by the point 52, whilethe curve for point 62 is shown only on the near side of the sphere S.Fig. 19 may beconsidered .as a reproduction as by a motion picture ofthe paths of points 6|, 52 actually taken during a given cycle in anoperating device of the type described and with such relativeproportions for the motions as will produce this form of curve.

However, as will be evident from the illustrations, the larger thediameter of the pattern control circle 60 with relation to the diameterof the ball S the more complex will be the form of the curve 5| shown inFig. 19.. Also, the closer the spacing of the wound filament will bealong the normal equator 58, because it will take more turns for motions50 and 55 to complete one turn of the circle 60, which in turncorresponds to one reversal of the polarity of the axis 55. Thedeveloped length of curve 6| shown in Fig. 19 will correspond to thedeveloped circumference of the circle 60 shown in Fig. 14, when drawn toequal scale.

Fig. 17 shows a third circular motion 53 superimposed over the motions50 and 55. Figs. 16 and 18 illustrate the division or compound move- 5ment of the axis of this motion 63 and for clearness of illustrationthis division will be explained analytically.

Referring to Fig. 16 (which is a diagrammatic illustration of Fig. 9)the axis of motion 53 is indicated as 64 and, as will be seen, itcoincides with the equator 58 and axis, or plane. 53 in the planerepresented by Fig. 16. Axis 64 is, also, square to axis 59 but forms anoblique angle with the focal axis, or plane E.

Due to this oblique angle formed with the axis E by the axis 64 ofmotion 63, and due to the fact that rollers i4| 4 can rotate about oneaxis only, the axis 64 is caused to reciprocate up and down as indicatedby the lines 55 for up and 66 for down. This up and down reciprocationtakes place about the geometric center 51 of the ball S. Analyticallyspeaking, this up and down reciprocation of axis 54 is an addition or asubtraction to and from the linear speed of motion along the g circle 55which rotates about the axis 56 which in turn passes through thegeometric center 51. And, by this change in the linear speed of motionalong the circle 55 the relation between motions along circles 55 and 50is constantly modified within the limits of reciprocation indicated bylines 65 and 56.

This is a partial or divisional modification of the relation between themotions along circles 50 and 55, and is caused by the oscillation of theaxis 64 about the geometric center 51. The change in relationshipbetween the motions along circles 56 and 55 is, thus, caused by a changein the linear speed of motion along circle 55 through the addition orsubtraction of a portion of the motion along circle 63.

In Fig. 18 a second partial modification of lesser magnitude between themotions along circles 50 and 55 is shown. In contradistlnction to thepartial modification shown in Fig. 16, in Fig. 18 the motion alongcircle- 50 is modified, with relation to the motion along circle 55.(Fig. 18 is a plan view of Fig. 16.)

Referring to Fig. 18, the axis 54 of motion along circle 63 is shownpassing through both the geometric center 51 and the focal point 54, theplane of Fig. 18 being oblique to the axis 52 and the plane axis E ofFig. 16. Analytically speaking, the motion along circle 63 then, in theplane of Fig. 18, will cause the axis 64 to oscillate, pivoting aboutthe facal point 54 as indicated at 67 and 68 and as will be clear fromthe illustration.

The oscillation of the axis 64 about the focal point 54 will cause thegeometric center 51 to oscillate about the point 54 with the radius 69,in a curved path indicated as 70, and thus, the whole ball willoscillate back and forth as indicated by the angular displacement FF(see also Fig. 3) and the normal equatorial circle displacement shown indotted lines at 58 and B.

By this angular oscillation F-F of the axis 54, the geometric center 51is moved to the points indicated as H on the displaced axis 81 and as 12on the displaced axis 68. And thus, as previously stated, the motionalong circle 83 W11 modify the motion along circle 50 with relation tomotion along circle 55 by shifting the axis of movement. That is, by theshift in the axis of movement of the motion along circle 53 an alternateapp var- 75 ious magnitude of change in the relation of the othermotions is made.

As the geometric center 51, as shown in Fig. 16, is moved into thepositions H or 12, as shown in Fig, 18, the oscillation (as shown inFig. 16) of the axis 64 may take place between the modified geometriccenter positions as indicated with the points H and 12 in Fig. 18. Thepivotal oscillation of axis 64 about the focal point 54 is permittod bythe swinging action of roller 25 about its axis 20 (see Fig. 9) and theresilient cushions l9, l9 and IQ of rollers [4, I4 and 25. The pivotaloscillation of axis 64 about the geometric center 5! is permitted by thefree rotation of roller 25 abut its axis 26 and the free rotation ofrollers 14, I4 about their axes 9 (see Fig. 9). Any number of motionsmay be used, and as previously stated, the method of causing the memberA to describe the desired compound motion forms no part of thisinvention. Such methods are fully described in my co-pending and aboveidentified applications.

While certain embodiments of the invention have been described in detailin order to illustrate the principles of the invention it is to beunderstood that the invention may have various embodiments within thelimits of the prior art and the scope of the subjoined claims.

I claim:

1. The method of changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, which comprises, supporting said sphere in a pocket, driving saidsphere through a single point to turn it about its geometric centerwhile simultaneously winding filament thereon, and simultaneouslychanging the relation between said driving point and the support to turnthe sphere also about a center other than said geometric center.

2. The method of changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, which comprises, supporting said sphere in a pocket, driving thesphere through a single point, and winding filament on said core whilemoving the core by action through the single driving point about two ormore axes, at least one of said axes being located away from thegeometric axis of the core.

3. The method of changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, which comprises, supporting said sphere in a pocket, driving thesphere through a single point to move it about two or more axes,simultaneously winding filament on the core, and simultaneously changingthe relation between certain of said axes away from each other and awayfrom the driving point.

4. The method of changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, which comprises, supporting said sphere in a pocket, driving thesphere through a single point to move it about two or more axes,simultaneously winding filament on the core, and simultaneously changingthe relation between certain of said axes away from each other andtoward the driving point.

5. The method of changing the pattern of winding filament, on sphericalcores, which comprises, supporting said sphere in a pocket, driving thesphere through a single point to move it about two or more axes of agiven initial angular relation, simultaneously winding filament on thecore, and simultaneously changing the angular relation between some orsaid axes.

6. The method of changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, which comprises, supporting said sphere in a pocket, driving thesphere through a single point to turn it about two axes both of which attimes pass through the geometric. center of the sphere, si multaneouslywinding filament on the sphere to increase its diameter, maintaining oneof said axes at the geometric center of the sphere, and simultaneouslymoving the other axis away from the geometric center of the sphere.

'7. The method of changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, which comprises, supporting. said sphere in a pocket, driving thesphere through a single point to turn it about two or more axes,simultaneously winding filament on the sphere to .increase its diameter,and simultaneously moving one of said axes about the geometric center ofthe sphere and about a second center located away from the geometriccenter.

8. The method of changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, which comprises, supporting said sphere in a pocket, driving thesphere through a single point to turn it about two or more axes having agiven initial angular relation, simultaneously moving one of said axesabout two separate centers, and simultaneously changing the angularrelation between some of said axes. 1

9. The method of changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, which comprises, supporting said sphere in a pocket, driving thesphere through a single point to turn it about an axis passing throughthe center of the sphere, simultaneously winding filament on saidsphere, and simultaneously moving the sphere about an axis which attimes is located away from the geometric center.

10. Apparatus for changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, comprising in combination, means for driving a core through asingle point on its surface, and means forming a pocket for holding thecore, said holding means including a pair of rollers having only rollingmovement on one side of the core, and a roller having rolling movementand a swinging movement on the other side of the core.

11. Apparatus for changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, comprising in combination, means for driving a core through asingle point on its surface, and means forming a pocket for holding thecore, said holding means including a pair of rollers having only rollingmovement on one side of the core, and a roller having rolling movementand another movement on the other side of the core.

12. Apparatus for changing the pattern of winding filament on sphericalcores, comprising in combination, means for driving a core through asingle point on its surface, and means forming a pocket for holding thecore, said holding means comprising a pair of conical rollers havingtheir.

small ends toward each other on one side of the core, and a singlespherical roller on the other side of the core, the conical rollershaving only rolling movement and the spherical roller having rollingmovement and also a. swinging movement. 13. Apparatus for changing thepattern of winding filament on spherical cores, comprising incombination, means for driving a core through a single point on itssurface and imparting to it a motion which is the resultant of threeseparate circular motions, and means forming a pocket for holding thecore, said holding means allowing the core to haveiree movement in onedirectionbut restraining its movement in the other directions.

FRANK'HONIG.

